Association between PMSubscript25/Subscript a

Authors: Shin Yamazaki Masayuki Shima Yoshiko Yoda Katsumi Oka Fumitake Kurosaka Shigeta Shimizu Hironobu Takahashi Yuji Nakatani Jittoku Nishikawa Katsuhiko Fujiwara Yasuyuki Mizumori Akira Mogami Taku Yamada Nobuharu Yamamoto

Publish Date: 2013/12/17

Volume: 19, Issue: 2, Pages: 172-176

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Abstract

In January 2013 extremely high concentrations of fine particles PM25 were observed around Beijing China In Japan the health effects of transboundary air pollution have been a matter of concern We examined the association between the levels of outdoor PM25 and other air pollutants with primary care visits PCVs at night due to asthma attack in Himeji City western JapanA case–crossover study was conducted in a primary care clinic in Himeji City Japan involving 112 subjects aged 0–80 years who visited the clinic due to an asthma attack between 9 pm and 6 am during the period January–March 2013 Daily concentrations of particulate matter ozone nitrogen dioxide and some meteorological elements were measured and a conditional logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios OR of PCVs per unit increment in air pollutants or meteorological elementsOf the 112 subjects 76 68  were aged 15 years We did not note any association between daily PM25 levels and PCVs due to asthma attack at night A positive relation between ozone and PCVs due to asthma attack was detected The OR per 10 ppb increment in daily mean ozone the day before the visit was 231 95  confidence interval 116–461In January 2013 extremely high concentration levels of air pollution including particulate matter PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤25 μm PM25 were observed around Beijing China 1 During this same period the concentration of PM25 was reported to be transiently elevated in the western part of Japan due to transboundary air pollution exacerbating concerns about the health effects of PM25The setting of this study was the Himeji City Emergency Clinic Himeji Japan which was established for the purpose of treating emergency cases between 9 pm and 6 am on weekdays 2 Himeji City is located in western Japan within 100 km of central Osaka and facing the Setonaikai Sea Subjects were city residents with a history of asthma attack who visited the clinic for asthma attack between 9 pm and 6 am from January to March 2013 and who had received a prescription for bronchodilators from their primary care physician In Himeji City primary care at night is generally only available at this emergency clinic and almost all patients who have an asthma attack at night visit the clinic Patients who visited the clinic on national holidays were excluded see Statistics section The medical records of all patients were provided retrospectively and patient age sex diagnosis and date of visit were recorded The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hyogo College of MedicineConcentrations of PM25 PM with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm PM10 and optical black carbon OBC were measured hourly at a point near the monitoring station using a SPM613D dichotomous beta gauge monitor Kimoto Electric Co Inc Osaka Japan from October 2012 through March 2013 Data on daily concentrations of ozone and nitrogen dioxide NO2 from January through March 2013 were obtained from the Himeji local government All subjects resided within 10 km of the monitoring station which was located in a residential street in the city Data for meteorological elements such as daily mean values for atmospheric pressure relative humidity temperature and wind speed as well as the number of total hours of daylight were obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency and also assessed

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