Journal Title
Title of Journal: New Forests
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Publisher
Springer Netherlands
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Authors: A Kanzler A Nel C Ford
Publish Date: 2014/02/20
Volume: 45, Issue: 3, Pages: 417-437
Abstract
During the last 20 years a program to develop and commercialize the Pinus patula × Pinus tecunumanii hybrid as a replacement for P patula has been successfully implemented The first crosses were initiated during the early 1990s and lead to establishment of field trials across a wide variety of sites This work gained further impetus when it became apparent that Fusarium circinatum was causing poor postplanting survival of newly established stands of P patula P tecunumanii has been shown to be tolerant to this disease and thus a second more comprehensive hybrid testing phase was implemented Improvements in controlled pollination techniques and propagation methods as well as access to genetically improved parentstock and the use of molecular marker technology for fingerprinting was effectively utilized to greatly improve the process during this second phase The use of artificial inoculation trials have demonstrated that the hybrid in particular when using the low elevation LE provenances of P tecunumanii had substantially greater tolerance to F circinatum than P patula and survival figures from field trials support these results Fouryear volumes also indicate large growth improvements although frost damage on certain sites presents a challenge for deployment on colder sites and this is being tackled through breeding and accurate mapping of frost risk Largescale controlled pollinations and vegetative multiplication are now utilized commercially to produce the P patula × P tecunumanii LE hybrid as an alternative to P patulaThe authors would like to thank the following organizations for help in carrying out various aspects of the work—FABI FMG Camcore and the CSIR In addition the input and work of several members of the Sappi team are gratefully acknowledged These include Kgosi Mongwaketsi Eric Simelane Mthokozisi Makhathini Jacob Crous Riyad Ismail Leigh Williams and Luke Solomon
Keywords:
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