Extractives in Douglasfir forestry residue and co

Authors: Karl R Oleson Daniel T Schwartz

Publish Date: 2015/12/24

Volume: 15, Issue: 5, Pages: 985-1008

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Abstract

Forestry residues are a plentiful low environmental impact feedstock for biofuels and bioproducts Douglasfir is the most prevalent tree species in the timberlands of western North America with approximately 5 million tons of sustainably harvestable forestry residues available each year These forestry residues are an important potential biomass feedstock containing holocellulose lignin protein ash and phytochemicals commonly identified as “extractives” The phytochemical extractive category make up 5–25  of the dry weight for different tissues of Douglasfir but are rarely represented with molecular detail in feedstock models of residues for biofuel or other bioproduct These extractives contain both primary and secondary metabolites and represent potential revenue sources as side products from processing but also includes species that are astringent toxic endocrine disruptors and/or reactive in similar chemical processes Within the “extractives” category are phytochemicals such as proanthocyanidins phlobaphenes waxes flavonoids terpenoids phytosterols lignans and many more This review first identifies phytochemical molecules found in different Douglasfir tissues then quantities these by category and individual molecular species to the extent allowed by the literature We combine the literature into a quantitative molecularly detailed mass conserving model for a particular Douglasfir forestry residue “slash” This model is used in a sulfite/bisulfite biofuel process simulation for understanding the molecular partitioning of extractives in different process streams Model results are used to explore some implications for extractive species in the production of sugars and waste products from Douglasfir forestry residue feedstockThe authors thank the financial support of the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No 20116800530416 USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture NIFA through the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance NARA The authors also want to thank Ikechukwu C Nwaneshiudu for his help and direction when starting work on the ASPEN simulations

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