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Authors: Federica Spina Giovanna Cristina Varese
Publish Date: 2016
Volume: , Issue: , Pages: 115-141
Abstract
Nowadays the presence of emerging micropollutants is one of the main issues related to the release of municipal wastewaters into the environment Considering that wastewater treatment plants are not specifically designed to remove them fungi and their enzymes are among the most promising solutions to the problem The current state of research is described in the chapter highlighting the major achievements obtained so far by researchers for the conversion of emerging micropollutants such as endocrine disrupting chemicals EDCs personal care products PCPs biological active compounds etc Advantages and disadvantages in the use of fungal wholecell systems or their enzymes as crude extracts or purified form have been taken into consideration Some operative eg addition of nutrient pH control and technological solutions eg mediator addition immobilization of the biocatalysts that are able to enhance the effectiveness and the stability of biological treatments are also presented Since the removal of pollutants and the abatement of the toxicity are the two main goals of any treatment water quality assessment requires targeted analysis to investigate the biological effect of the samples on aquatic organisms and human health which can be monitored via the ecotoxicity and the estrogenic activity Even though bioassays are not a routine practice they have often been used to assess the efficacy of fungal and enzymatic processes
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