Neuroinflammation During Parkinson’s Disease Key

Authors: Priyobrata Sinha Nabanita Ghosh Soham Mitra Arindam Bhattacharyya

Publish Date: 2016

Volume: , Issue: , Pages: 185-208

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Abstract

Parkinson’s disease PD an idiopathic neurodegenerative disorder is characterized by dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta of brain Recent findings suggest the multifactorial etiology of the disease Neuroinflammation and infiltration of peripheral inflammatory cells chemokines and cytokines may have a crucial role in PD pathogenesis During the onset of the disease acute inflammation sets in to prevent dopaminergic neuronal death but as the disease progresses neuroinflammation becomes chronic and promotes neurodegeneration Rampant release of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IFNγ infiltration of peripheral CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes and augmented rate of reactive oxygen species ROS and reactive nitrogen species RNS generation act as key players in disease progression These proinflammatory factors are released by astrocytes stimulated by neuron derived αsynuclein which in turn recruit and activate microglia These activated microglia contribute hugely to the progressive neurodegeneration in PD In this chapter we have summarized and discussed the findings on the neuroinflammarotry status in PD patients emphasizing on the role of cells and molecules involved In addition we have also discussed the plausible therapeutic interventions that may prove to be beneficial to PD patients

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