Journal Title
Title of Journal: Bull Volcanol
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Abbravation: Bulletin of Volcanology
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Publisher
Springer-Verlag
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Authors: Ian A Nairn Jeffrey W Hedenquist Pilar Villamor Kelvin R Berryman Phil A Shane
Publish Date: 2004/07/07
Volume: 67, Issue: 2, Pages: 186-193
Abstract
A series of large hydrothermal eruptions occurred across the Waiotapu geothermal field at about the same prehistoric time as the ~AD1315 “Kaharoa” rhyolite magmatic eruptions from Tarawera volcano vents 10–20 km distant Triggering of the Waiotapu hydrothermal eruptions was previously attributed to displacement of the adjacent Ngapouri Fault The Kaharoa rhyolite eruptions are now recognised as primed and triggered by multiple basalt intrusions beneath the Tarawera volcano A ~1000 t/day pulse of CO2 gas is recorded by alteration mineralogy and fluid inclusions in drill core samples from Waiotapu geothermal wells This CO2 pulse is most readily sourced from basalt intruded at depth and although not precisely dated it appears to be associated with the Waiotapu hydrothermal eruptions We infer that the hydrothermal eruptions at Waiotapu were primed by intrusion of the same arrested basalt dike system that drove the rhyolite eruptions at Tarawera This dike system was likely similar at depth to the dike that generated basalt eruptions from a 17 kmlong fissure that formed across the Tarawera region in AD1886 Fault ruptures that occurred in the Waiotapu area in association with both the AD1886 and ~AD1315 eruptions are considered to be a result rather than a cause of the dike intrusion processesWe thank Shivaun Hogan for assistance Jake Lowenstern for advice and Jim Cole Brad Scott Hugh Bibby and Stuart Simmons for helpful reviews of preliminary versions of this paper The final paper has been significantly improved following reviews by Paul Wallace and Jake Lowenstern and editorial comments from Julie DonnellyNolan This investigation was partially funded by FRST Contracts IANX0001 and CO5X0203
Keywords:
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- Seismic characterisation of lahars at Volcán de Colima, Mexico
- Observations of volcanic tremor during the January–February 2005 eruption of Mt. Veniaminof, Alaska
- Evolution of the late Pleistocene Mojanda–Fuya Fuya volcanic complex (Ecuador), by progressive adakitic involvement in mantle magma sources
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- The November 2002 eruption of Piton de la Fournaise, Réunion: tracking the pre-eruptive thermal evolution of magma using melt inclusions
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- Geochemistry and magmatic properties of eruption episodes from Haroharo linear vent zone, Okataina Volcanic Centre, New Zealand during the last 10 kyr
- Finding of an historical document describing an eruption in the NW flank of Etna in July 1643 AD: timing, location and volcanic products
- Relationship between the flank sliding of the South East Crater (Mt. Etna, Italy) and the paroxysmal event of November 16, 2006
- Fault textures in volcanic conduits: evidence for seismic trigger mechanisms during silicic eruptions
- Role of magma mixing in the petrogenesis of tephra erupted during the 1990–98 explosive activity of Nevado Sabancaya, southern Peru
- Sheathfolds in rheomorphic ignimbrites
- Fragmentation in kimberlite: products and intensity of explosive eruption
- Geological constraints on the emplacement mechanism of the Parinacota debris avalanche, northern Chile
- Diverse mid-Miocene silicic volcanism associated with the Yellowstone–Newberry thermal anomaly
- Smithsonian Institution’s Global Volcanism Network
- Geometry and growth of sill complexes: insights using 3D seismic from the North Rockall Trough
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