Sediment Pollution Transport and Abatement Measu

Authors: P Kelderman

Publish Date: 2012/06/14

Volume: 223, Issue: 7, Pages: 4627-4645

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Abstract

This paper presents an overview of a longterm study on sediment pollution in the city canals of Delft the Netherlands This pollution was most evident for the inner city canal system with copper lead zinc and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs as main pollutants Sediments of the outer city canals generally had a much better quality Pollution levels mutual correlations and spatial variations were investigated for the various sediment parameters Also heavy metal binding forms onto Delft sediments were assessed with the help of sequential extraction techniques results were found to be in line with expected preferential physicochemical binding processes Input of sediments into the Delft inner city canals was shown to be largely driven by busy shipping traffic on the main canal surrounding the inner city Mass balances for the inner city were used to quantify internal and external pollution sources 65–85  of the heavy metal pollution can be attributed to sources outside the Delft area As shown by factor and cluster analyses it is highly probable that these external sources derive from the river Rhine A gradual improvement of the sediment quality has set in it is expected that due to further pollution abatement measures this improvement will continue over the years to come With respect to the shipinduced sediment input into the inner city canals it was estimated that a reduction of ship velocities to 15 m/s will bring down the sediment input mentioned above to about 85 The research was carried out during the period 1991–2006 Thanks are due to WME Drossaert from “De Straat Milieuadviseurs” as coordinator of the sediment quality assessment at the 182 stations and to N van Mulken of the organization mentioned above for composing various Delft sediment maps AE Mynett A Verwey and JC Winterwerp of Deltares formerly WLDelft Hydraulics were very helpful in the modeling of the hydrodynamics of shipping movements K Irvine critically read the manuscript The various researches described in this paper were mostly carried out in the framework of MSc researches at UNESCOIHE and were supervised by M Bijlsma and the author with invaluable assistance of the UNESCOIHE laboratory staff GF Kruis head CGJ Bik deceased D van Galen L Robbemont and F Wiegman Thanks are due to the following international batch of MSc students Luis S Galione Uruguay Dessalegn Bezabih Kassie Ethiopia Lilian C Okonkwo Nigeria William J Ntow Ghana Andries S Manamela South Africa Qu Wenchuan Xia Jianling Zhang Min and Yang Xuedong People’s Republic of China and Alfatih Osman Sudan This research was financially supported by the municipality of Delft and was guided by IA Clarisse B Janssen and M Iping of the project “DelftKennisstad” “DelftCity of Knowledge”

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