Infant Safe Sleep Interventions 1990–2015 A Revi

Authors: Trina C Salm Ward Giselle M Balfour

Publish Date: 2015/07/05

Volume: 41, Issue: 1, Pages: 180-196

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Abstract

Sleeprelated infant deaths remain a major public health issue Multiple interventions have been implemented in efforts to increase adherence to safe sleep recommendations We conducted a systematic review of the international research literature to synthesize research on interventions to reduce the risk of sleeprelated deaths and their effectiveness in changing infant sleep practices We searched PubMed CINAHL PsycINFO and Google Scholar for peerreviewed articles published between 1990 and 2015 which described an intervention and reported results Twentynine articles were included for review Studies focused on infant caregivers health care professionals peers and child care professionals Targeted behaviors included sleep position location removing items from the crib breastfeeding smoke exposure clothing pacifier use and knowledge of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Most articles described multifaceted interventions including oneonone or group education printed materials visual displays videos and providing resources such as cribs pacifiers wearable blankets and infant tshirts Two described public education campaigns one used an educative questionnaire and one encouraged maternal note taking Health professional interventions included implementing safe sleep policies inservice training printed provider materials eliciting agreement on a Declaration of Safe Sleep Practice and sharing adherence data Data collection methods included selfreport via surveys and observational crib audits Over half of the studies utilized comparison groups which helped determine effectiveness Most articles reported some degree of success in changing some of the targeted behaviors no studies reported complete adherence to recommendations Future studies should incorporate rigorous evaluation plans utilize comparison groups and collect demographic and collect followup data

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