Journal Title
Title of Journal: Front Biol
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Abbravation: Frontiers in Biology
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Publisher
Higher Education Press
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Authors: Richard König Bruno Benedetti Peter Rotheneichner Anna O’ Sullivan Christina Kreutzer Maria Belles Juan Nacher Thomas M Weiger Ludwig Aigner Sébastien CouillardDesprés
Publish Date: 2016/06/28
Volume: 11, Issue: 3, Pages: 193-213
Abstract
The expression of early developmental markers such as doublecortin DCX and the polysialylatedneural cell adhesion molecule PSANCAM has been used to identify immature neurons within canonical neurogenic niches Additionally DCX/PSANCAM+ immature neurons reside in cortical layer II of the paleocortex and in the paleo and entorhinal cortex of mice and rats respectively These cells are also found in the neocortex of guinea pigs rabbits some afrotherian mammals cats dogs nonhuman primates and humans The population of cortical DCX/PSANCAM+ immature neurons is generated prenatally as conclusively demonstrated in mice rats and guinea pigs Thus the majority of these cells do not appear to be the product of adult proliferative events The immature neurons in cortical layer II are most abundant in the cortices of young individuals while very few DCX/PSANCAM + cortical neurons can be detected in aged mammals Maturation of DCX/PSANCAM+ cells into glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons has been proposed as an explanation for the agedependent reduction in their population over time In this review we compile the recent information regarding the agerelated decrease in the number of cortical DCX/PSANCAM+ neurons We compare the distribution and fates of DCX/PSANCAM + neurons among mammalian species and speculate their impact on cognitive function To respond to the diversity of adult neurogenesis research produced over the last number of decades we close this review by discussing the use and precision of the term “adult noncanonical neurogenesis”
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