Journal Title
Title of Journal: Plant Ecol
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Abbravation: Plant Ecology
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Publisher
Springer Netherlands
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Authors: Elisa Vallius Veikko Salonen
Publish Date: 2006/04/11
Volume: 183, Issue: 2, Pages: 291-304
Abstract
The roles of herbivory and pollination success in plant reproduction have frequently been examined but interactions between these two factors have gained much less attention In three field experiments we examined whether artificial defoliation affects allocation to attractiveness to pollinators pollen production female reproductive success and subsequent growth in Platanthera bifolia L Rich We also recorded the effects of inflorescence size on these variables We studied the effects of defoliation on reproductive success of individual flowers in three sections of inflorescence Defoliation and inflorescence size did not have any negative effects on the proportion of opened flowers spur length nectar production or the weight of pollinia However we found that handpollination increased relative seed production and defoliation decreased seed set in most cases Interactions between handpollination and defoliation were nonsignificant indicating that defoliation did not affect female reproductive success indirectly via decreased pollinator attraction Plants with a large inflorescence produced relatively more seeds than plants with a small inflorescence only after handpollination The negative effect of defoliation on relative capsule production was most clearly seen in the upper sections of the inflorescence In addition to within season effects of leaf removal defoliated P bifolia plants may also have decreased lifetime fitness as a result of lower seed set within a season and because of a lower number of reproductive events due to decreased plant size leaf area following defoliation Our study thus shows that defoliation by herbivores may crucially affect reproductive success of P bifolia
Keywords:
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- Does taxonomic homogenization imply functional homogenization in temperate forest herb layer communities?
- Competitive responses of the rare Viola elatior and the common Viola mirabilis
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