Authors: Kanu Chatterjee
Publish Date: 2008/08/29
Volume: 14, Issue: 2, Pages: 87-88
Abstract
The traditional risk factors for unfavorable prognosis for systolic heart failure such as older age race hypertension and diabetes are well known The adverse prognostic influences of neurohormonal abnormalities such as increased adrenergic and rennin–angiotensin–aldosterone systems have also been recognized for a long timeHowever relatively recently newer prognostic factors such as hyponatremia anemia renal failure insulin resistance persistent volume overload loss of skeletal muscle mass and repeated hospital admissions for treatment of decompensated heart failure have emergedIn this special issue of the Heart Failure Review hyponatremia has been the focus of discussion The potential mechanisms and management of hyponatremia in heart failure have been discussed by the recognized experts in this field Not only severe hyponatremia but also relatively mild hyponatremia is associated with poor prognosis and there is a substantial increase in the risk of 30day and
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