Journal Title
Title of Journal: Chromosoma
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Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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Authors: Salvador PérezMontero Albert Carbonell Fernando Azorín
Publish Date: 2015/04/29
Volume: 125, Issue: 1, Pages: 1-13
Abstract
The eukaryotic genome is packed into chromatin a nucleoprotein complex mainly formed by the interaction of DNA with the abundant basic histone proteins The fundamental structural and functional subunit of chromatin is the nucleosome core particle which is composed by 146 bp of DNA wrapped around an octameric protein complex formed by two copies of each core histone H2A H2B H3 and H4 In addition although not an intrinsic component of the nucleosome core particle linker histone H1 directly interacts with it in a monomeric form Histone H1 binds nucleosomes near the exit/entry sites of linker DNA determines nucleosome repeat length and stabilizes higherorder organization of nucleosomes into the ∼30 nm chromatin fiber In comparison to core histones histone H1 is less well conserved through evolution Furthermore histone H1 composition in metazoans is generally complex with most species containing multiple variants that play redundant as well as specific functions In this regard a characteristic feature is the presence of specific H1 variants that replace somatic H1s in the germline and during early embryogenesis In this review we summarize our current knowledge about their structural and functional properties
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