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Title of Journal: KSCE J Civ Eng

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Abbravation: KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering

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Korean Society of Civil Engineers

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DOI

10.1007/bf01134832

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1976-3808

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Numerical model for shaley rock masses displaying

Authors: Sean Seungwon Lee
Publish Date: 2017/03/07
Volume: 21, Issue: 7, Pages: 2919-2931
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Abstract

Southern Ontario is known for very high horizontal insitu stresses and time dependent behavior of shale formations which has resulted in continued rock deformation and distress in final linings in several previous projects in the region sometimes years after installation Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport Pedestrian Tunnel is a passenger access tunnel under the Western Channel of Lake Ontario This paper discusses a series of numerical approaches used for predicting time dependent deformations both during as well as after the completion of the tunnel to determine the optimal timing of the placement of the final lining such that the remaining timedependent movements can be sufficiently accommodated within the structural capacity of the tunnel lining The paper also discusses the design process using a series of numerical analysis and construction sequencing considerations pertaining to the longterm time dependent deformation of the shaley rock formation the instrumentation and monitoring program and a comparison of the predicted against the actual movements during construction Results from a custommade FLAC subroutine are provided in addition to the details of the numerical analysis both the problems that were identified during the analyses as well as their solutions throughout the discussion

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