Journal Title
Title of Journal: Oecologia
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Publisher
Springer-Verlag
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Authors: Emily N Taylor Michael A Malawy Dawn M Browning Shea V Lemar Dale F DeNardo
Publish Date: 2005/03/30
Volume: 144, Issue: 2, Pages: 206-213
Abstract
Food availability is an important factor in the life histories of organisms because it is often limiting and thus can affect growth mass change reproduction and behaviors such as thermoregulation locomotion and mating Experimental studies in natural settings allow researchers to examine the effects of food on these parameters while animals are free to behave naturally The wide variation among organisms in energy demands and among environmental food resources suggest that responses to changes in food availability may vary among organisms Since most supplemental feeding field experiments have been conducted on species with high energy demands we conducted a supplemental feeding study on freeranging female Western diamondbacked rattlesnakes Crotalus atrox a species with low energy demands and infrequent reproductive investment Snakes were offered thawed rodents 1–4 times per week Over two active seasons we collected data on surface activity home range size growth mass change and reproduction of supplementally fed and control snakes Fed and control snakes did not differ in surface activity levels proportion of time encountered above versus below ground or home range size Fed snakes grew and gained mass faster and had a dramatically higher occurrence of reproduction than control snakes Also fed snakes were in better body condition following reproduction than snakes that were not fed However litter characteristics such as offspring number and size were not increased by feeding suggesting that these characteristics may be fixed These data experimentally demonstrate that food availability can directly impact some life history traits ie growth and reproduction for C atrox but not others ie surface activity and home range size for C atrox The relationship between food availability and life history traits is affected in a complex way by ecological traits and physiological constraints and thus interspecific variation in this relationship is likely to be highNumerous people helped collect snakes in the field including X Bonnet T Brennan O Lourdais J Miller and J Slone and especially M Feldner This manuscript was improved by critical comments from C Christel J Davis O Lourdais M Moore J Sabo and G Walsberg This study was funded by an Arizona State University Faculty GrantinAid Award to DFD an Arizona State University Biology Research Experience for Undergraduates Program Fellowship to MAM and a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship to ENT The experiments in this study comply with the current laws of the United States of America
Keywords:
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