Authors: Juho Antti Sirviö AnnaKaisa Anttila Anna Maria Pirttilä Henrikki Liimatainen Ilkka Kilpeläinen Jouko Niinimäki Osmo Hormi
Publish Date: 2014/07/18
Volume: 21, Issue: 5, Pages: 3573-3583
Abstract
In this work periodate oxidized birch wood pulp and microfibrillated cellulose MFC were cationized using Girard’s reagent T or aminoguanidine Cationic celluloses were used to obtain films via solventcasting method and the effects of the cationization route and the cellulose fiber source on the properties of the films were studied Thermal and optical properties of the films were measured using differential scanning calorimetry and UV–Vis spectrometry and the morphology of the films was examined using an optical microscope and a field emission scanning electron microscope Bacterial antiadhesive properties of the films were also studied using a modified leaf print method and against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Both cationizing agents exhibited similar reactivity with periodate oxidized celluloses however MFC had significantly higher reactivity compared to birch pulp The films with high tensile strength 391–453 MPa and modulus 35–73 GPa were obtained from cationized birch pulp aminoguanidine modification producing a film with slightly better mechanical properties Modulus of the films was significantly increased up to 140 GPa when MFC was used as a cellulose fiber source Compared to the unmodified MFC films the cationic MFC films were less porous and significantly more transparent however they had slightly lower tensile strength values It was found that aminoguanidine modified celluloses had no culturable bacteria on its surface and also exhibited resistance to microbial degradation whereas there were culturable bacteria on the surface of Girard’s reagent modified films and they were partially degraded by the bacteriaThis work was carried out as part of the Future Biorefinery Program of Finnish Bioeconomy Cluster FIBIC Ltd We would like to thank VTT Espoo for their pulp analysis Dr Juha Heiskanen is gratefully acknowledged for his kind assistance in the DSC analyses
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