Authors: Okan Akin Asli Yuksel
Publish Date: 2016/08/30
Volume: 23, Issue: 6, Pages: 3475-3493
Abstract
In this paper a novel hybrid process for the treatment of microcrystalline cellulose MCC under hotcompressed water was investigated by applying constant direct current on the reaction medium Constant current range from 1A to 2A was applied through a cylindrical anode made of titanium to the reactor wall Reactions were conducted using a specially designed batch reactor 450 mL made of SUS 316 stainless steel for 30–120 min of reaction time at temperature range of 170–230 °C As a proton donor H2SO4 was used at concentrations of 1–50 mM Main hydrolysis products of MCC degradation in HCW were detected as glucose fructose levulinic acid 5HMF and furfural For the quantification of these products High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC and Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy GC–MS were used A ½ fractional factorial design with 2level of four factors reaction time temperature H2SO4 concentration and applied current with 3 center points were built and responses were statistically analyzed Response surface methodology was used for process optimization and it was found that introduction of 1A current at 200 °C to the reaction medium increased Total Organic Carbon TOC and cellulose conversions to 62 and 81 respectively Moreover application of current diminished the necessary reaction temperature and time to obtain high TOC and cellulose conversion values and hence decreased the energy required for cellulose hydrolysis to value added chemicals Applied current had diverse effect on levulinic acid concentration 299 in the liquid product 230 °C 120 min 2 A 50 mM H2SO4This research is financially supported by Marie Curie Career Integration Grants FP7PEOPLE2012CIG with a project number of PCIG11GA2012321741 We would like to thank to two research centers at Izmir Institute of Technology for their support in product analysis “Biotechnology and Bioengineering Research and Application Center” and “Environmental Reference Research and Development Center”
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