Journal Title
Title of Journal: Trees
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Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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Authors: Wakana Azuma H Roaki Ishii Katsushi Kuroda Keiko Kuroda
Publish Date: 2015/09/04
Volume: 30, Issue: 1, Pages: 141-152
Abstract
The tallest trees of Cryptomeria japonica occur in climatic regions similar to the world’s tallest trees We hypothesized that tall C japonica trees would have evolved adaptive mechanisms to overcome height growth limitation Here we focused on foliar water storage a mechanism recently discovered in Sequoia sempervirens In C japonica leaf water potential at turgor loss did not change with height or light availability while leaf hydraulic capacitance and succulence water content per leaf surface area increased suggesting hydraulic compensation Plasticity of leaf morphology could contribute to avoiding negative effects of height on photosynthesis We also focused on the structure and function of transfusion tissue in leaves and its role in water storage and supply Crosssectional area of transfusion tissue increased with height whereas that of xylem was constant We confirmed that water flowed from vascular bundle to mesophyll via the transfusion tissue Cryoscanning electron microscopy images of leaf cross sections showed that transfusion cells were flattened but not fully dehydrated when leaf water potential decreased in situ and by experimental dehydration and cell deformation was more marked for treetop leaves than for lowercrown leaves The shape of transfusion cells recovered at predawn as well as after experimental rehydration As in S sempervirens transfusion tissue of C japonica may function as a hydraulic buffer absorbing and releasing water according to leaf water status Anatomical and hydraulic properties contributing to foliar water storage may be an adaptive mechanism acquired by tall Cupressaceae trees to overcome the hydraulic constraints on physiological function with increasing heightWe thank the Noshiro Education Board and Tohoku Forest Management Office Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries for permission to conduct the research We thank members of the Laboratory of Forest Resources Kobe University for field assistance and Drs A Makita K Takata K Hoshizaki and M Matsushita of Akita Pref University for facilitating the study Special thanks to M Nakatani and A Shiraki for extensive assistance both in the field and laboratory This research was funded by JSPS Research Fellow 02502390 and JSPS Kakenhi 23380085
Keywords:
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