Journal Title
Title of Journal: Trees
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Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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Authors: Yao Ouyang Xinhua Zhang Yulu Chen Jaime A Teixeira da Silva Guohua Ma
Publish Date: 2015/09/28
Volume: 30, Issue: 1, Pages: 317-328
Abstract
Santalum album L is an important semiparasitic tree whose roots join to host roots through haustoria to acquire water and nutrients Yet little is known how different hosts affect S album growth photosynthetic performance and haustorial development In this study Dalbergia sissoo Roxb a leguminous tree and Lonicera japonica Thunb a nonleguminous vine were suitable hosts while Aquilaria sinensis Lour Gilg a nonleguminous tree was not The three host plants were cultivated with sandalwood seedlings for 1 year inducing significant differences in net photosynthetic rate stomatal conductance and transpiration rate plant height haustorial size and number of haustoria S album growth was strongly related to net photosynthetic rate stomatal conductance and transpiration rate Wellformed and frequently replaced haustoria in the good host D sissoo likely enhanced metabolism and nutrient transport Ultrastructural observations showed differences in the interfacial region and internal structure between finger parenchymal cells and host root cells vascular tissue the reaction of host root cells and penetration modes Among them the finger parenchymal cells in the haustoria that connected with hosts D sissoo and L japonica roots were rich in organelles including mitochondria endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes Numerous small vacuoles accumulated inside membranes of the host root cells and finger parenchymal cells Many lysosomes were present at the interfacial region where largescale digestion of the host root cells in D sissoo and L japonica occurred In contrast in the finger parenchymal cells of the haustoria that joined to A sinensis roots organelles were not that obvious and blackstained material at the interfacial regions was indistinct The modes of invasion were also different The finger parenchymal cells penetrated into the roots of hosts D sissoo and L japonica by cell membrane fusion pressure and degrading enzymes while in A sinensis host root cells were surrounded by the finger parenchymal cells and were selfdigested Even though mature haustoria could penetrate into the root xylem of hosts D sissoo and A sinensis the haustoria that connected with D sissoo had a mature xylem while A sinensis had not yet formed any vessel elements In all S album haustoria connected to the three host roots the vascular system developed some xylem but no phloem was observed
Keywords:
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