Impact of Gastrointestinal Surgery on Cardiometabo

Authors: Fady Moustarah Audrée Gilbert JeanPierre Després André Tchernof

Publish Date: 2012/10/07

Volume: 14, Issue: 6, Pages: 588-596

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Abstract

Bariatric surgery has gained acceptance as the only treatment with longterm efficacy for severe obesity Recent publications emphasize the usefulness of bariatric surgery in the reduction of longterm cardiometabolic risk cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality and the management of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes T2DM an important cardiovascular risk factor in individuals with severe obesity The present review article offers a brief overview of the literature published over the past several months relevant to cardiometabolic outcomes in bariatric surgery patients A recent report from the Swedish Obese Subjects SOS study specifically reported a reduced incidence of cardiovascular events on longterm prospective followup after bariatric surgery In addition abundant studies have been recently published on gastric bypass surgery showing high T2DM remission rates as well as improved blood lipids and inflammatory markers after surgery Sleeve gastrectomy is increasingly performed as a standalone operation Recent reports on this surgery pertaining to cardiometabolic risk showed variable T2DM remission rates that may possibly be explained by age of the patients and duration of T2DM Available data suggest a possible favorable impact of the surgery on CRP levels and improvements in the blood lipid profile How sleeve gastrectomy compares to other surgical approaches will require further study Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch has been reported to offer some of the best longterm weight loss for obese patients Approximately 9 out of 10 patients treated with this surgical procedure show longterm remission rates of T2DM Significant improvements in the cardiometabolic risk profile are also observed after BPDDS they are especially pronounced regarding dyslipidemia In conclusion bariatric procedures improve the cardiometabolic risk profile a phenomenon that appears to be only partly explained by the magnitude of the weight loss Significant variations are observed with respect to the type of surgery and patient characteristics More research is clearly needed on the short and longterm cardiometabolic outcome of obesity surgeriesAT and FM are respectively Chair and Cochair of a Research Chair in Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery funded by Ethicon EndoSurgery AG is the recipient of a studentship from the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada JPD is the Scientific Director of the International Chair on Cardiometabolic Risk based at Université Laval

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