Journal Title
Title of Journal: Mar Biol
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Abbravation: Marine Biology
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Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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Authors: Josephine Goldstein Hans Ulrik Riisgård
Publish Date: 2016/01/18
Volume: 163, Issue: 2, Pages: 33-
Abstract
Life expectancy of the scyphomedusa Aurelia aurita seems closely linked to seasonal shrinkage or somatic degrowth which occurs synchronously with sexual reproduction in temperate regions In the present study the mechanisms controlling body mass losses and subsequent disappearance of medusae were examined by following seasonal dynamics in population density individual size and sexual reproduction of A aurita during 2013 and 2014 in the shallow semienclosed Kertinge Nor and the adjacent Great Belt Denmark After sexual maturation in early summer medusae were characterized by a distinct phase of somatic degrowth expressed by weightspecific individual growth rates of −05 to −14 day−1 which was followed by the absence of A aurita populations in both ecosystems during winter The number of planula larvae per female N L ind was positively correlated with medusa diameter d mm following the exponential relationship N L = 1608 × e 0029d The percentage of body mass made up by planulae ranged from 6 to 11 in Kertinge Nor and 10 to 33 in Great Belt ≤15 of total sizespecific body mass losses were due to the release of planulae in Kertinge Nor suggesting shortage of zooplankton prey during autumn as main factor causing degrowth in A aurita Starving medusae produced significantly fewer oocytes and revealed increased mortality compared to wellfed individuals in supplementary laboratory experiments indicating that degrowth controls the energetic investment into sexual reproduction Seasonal variability in food supply rather than energy allocation to reproduction appears to shorten life spans of A aurita medusae in temperate Danish watersWe thank Florian Lüskow Jan Brandt Wiersma Mie Thorborg Pedersen David Zalacáin Domench Ruben van Beek and Ida Krogsgaard Svendsen who took part in the boat trips and assisted in counting and measurement of collected jellyfish We are grateful to Kim Lundgreen for technical assistance and to Mikkel Larris for help with the map Further we would like to thank Cathy H Lucas Ulrich Steiner Jennifer E Purcell and two reviewers for providing constructive feedback that improved the manuscript This study was financially supported by the MaxPlanck Society MaxPlanck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging Denmark and by a grant HUR from Det Frie Forskningsråd DFF400200494
Keywords:
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