Authors: R Liu T J Huynh Y Huang D Ramsay K Hynynen R I Aviv
Publish Date: 2014/09/27
Volume: 22, Issue: 2, Pages: 320-324
Abstract
Contrast extravasation CE in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage ICH coined the spot sign predicts hematoma expansion HE and poor clinical outcome The dynamic relationship between CE and the mode of ICH growth are poorly understood We characterized the in vivo pattern and rate of HE using a novel animal model of acute ICHBasal ganglia ICH was created in 14 Yorkshire swine utilizing a novel MRI integrated model permitting realtime CE observation using dynamic contrastenhanced DCE MRI Computerized planimetry measured CE volume at each time point Spatial vector analysis along three orthogonal axes determined distance vectors Maximizing and minimizing the coefficient of determination defined the temporal phases of growth and stability respectively CE rate was calculated using a Patlak modelAsymmetric growth and variable rates of expansion characterized HE defining three distinct growth phases and patterns A primary growth phase duration 160 s IQR 50–130 demonstrated rapid linear growth 004 mm/s IQR 001–010 accounting for 85 ± 15 of total HE The stationary phase demonstrated stability duration 145 s IQR 0–655 A secondary growth phase duration 300 130–600 s accounted for 23 ± 8 of total HE In the primary and secondary growth phase asymmetric growth occurred in the anterior–posterior AP planes 0056 mm/s p = 0026 and 00112 mm/s p = 003 Monophasic 2 14 biphasic 4 35 primary followed by secondary growth and triphasic 8 56 patterns primary stationary and secondary growth phase were observed
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