Authors: Liu Gao Guangyu Sun Rong Zhang Mark L Gleason
Publish Date: 2014/01/05
Volume: 139, Issue: 1, Pages: 117-124
Abstract
Although the fungus Zygophiala wisconsinensis is a prominent component of the sooty blotch and flyspeck SBFS disease complex of apple few studies have characterized in situ morphological adaptations of this or other SBFS species that accompany colonization of the epicuticular wax layer of fruit Scanning electron microscope was used to monitor stages in the formation of sclerotiumlike bodies on the wax surface as well as ramifications from these structures to form secondary sclerotiumlike bodies At a mature stage in the formation of sclerotiumlike bodies the matrix of hyphae conidiophores and conidia between these bodies collapsed resulting in formation of the independent clusters of typical colonies of species in the flyspeck mycelial type Formation of conidiophores and secondary conidia in situ were also described for the first time for any flyspeck species Observation of conidiophores on naturally and artificially inoculated apple peels with light microscope raises the possibility that formation of secondary conidia may be an important means of spatial dispersion of Z wisconsinensis in apple orchards and the conidia might function in secondary spreadThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China 31170015 31171797 the 111 Project from Education Ministry of China B07049 Top Talent Project of Northwest AF University and the earmarked fund for Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System nycytx080404
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