Metal concentrations in hair of patients with vari

Authors: Anna Wozniak Marta Napierala Magdalena Golasik Małgorzata Herman Stanisław Walas Wojciech Piekoszewski Witold Szyfter Krzysztof Szyfter Wojciech Golusinski Danuta Baralkiewicz Ewa Florek

Publish Date: 2015/12/11

Volume: 29, Issue: 1, Pages: 81-93

PDF Link

Abstract

Head and neck cancers are one of the most frequent cancers worldwide This paper attempts to evaluate disturbances of homeostasis of the necessary elements calcium magnesium zinc copper iron manganese and changes in the levels of toxic metals lead cadmium cobalt chromium VI in hair of patients with head and neck cancers as well as people without a diagnosed neoplastic disease In order to quantify the necessary elements and toxic metals a method using ICPMS and ICPOES techniques had been developed and validated The studies have shown that patients with head and neck cancer used to drink alcohol and smoked much more frequently than healthy individuals both in the past and presently Statistically significant differences in concentrations of average metal content in the group of patients with head and neck cancers compared to the control group were confirmed Significant differences in metal content between the group of patients with head and neck cancers and healthy individuals were found which enabled distinguishing between the study groups To this end a more advanced statistical tool ie chemometrics was used The conducted research analyses and the use of advanced statistical techniques confirm the benefits of using alternative material to distinguish the patients with head and neck cancers from the healthy individualsHead and neck cancers are one of the most frequent cancers worldwide It is estimated that the number of new cases is 600000 per year of which 300000 are fatal Wyss et al 2013 In terms of global prevalence head and neck cancers rank sixth Twothirds of the cases are recorded in developing countries The risk of getting a mouth cancer is the highest in Malaysia South and Central Asia West and South Europe and South Africa Laryngeal cancer most frequently affects population of Southern and Eastern Europe South America and Western Asia Mean age of patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer is around 60 with men affected more frequently in particular in the case of laryngeal cancer Argiris et al 2008Key risk factors for development of head and neck cancers are tobacco smoking and drinking spirits Alcohol exacerbates cancerogenic processes associated with tobacco smoke as well as being a risk factor on its own Vokes et al 1993 Sapkota et al 2007 have shown in their study that chewing tobacco products may lead to pharyngeal and oesophageal cancers and is a separate risk factor along alcohol and tobacco smoking At least 75 of head and neck cancers diagnosed in Europe the United States and other industrialized world regions are due to combined effect of smoking and alcohol drinking Hashibe et al 2009 Distinguishing harmful effects due to alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking is very difficult because heavy drinkers are also smokers and vice versa Moreover most of the available study papers contain very few descriptions of cases in which the patients used to either smoke or drink alcohol Altieri et al 2005Other risk factors responsible for head and neck cancers are viral infections for instance with infections with Epstein–Barr virus associated with the nasopharyngeal cancer and human papilloma virus HPV which may be the underlying factor in particular in oropharyngeal cancer Mehanna et al 2011Moreover other factors of note include low body mass index BMI risky sexual conduct occupational exposure incorrect mouth hygiene too low intake of vegetables and fruit wrong diet longterm exposure to passive smoking and a history of cancer in the family Mehanna et al 2011

Keywords: