Journal Title
Title of Journal: Immunogenetics
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Abbravation: Immunogenetics
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Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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Authors: Weerachai Jaratlerdsiri Sally R Isberg Damien P Higgins Simon Y W Ho Jan Salomonsen Karsten Skjodt Lee G Miles Jaime Gongora
Publish Date: 2013/11/20
Volume: 66, Issue: 1, Pages: 53-65
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex MHC is a dynamic genomic region with an essential role in the adaptive immunity of jawed vertebrates The evolution of the MHC has been dominated by gene duplication and gene loss commonly known as the birthanddeath process Evolutionary studies of the MHC have mostly focused on model species However the investigation of this region in nonavian reptiles is still in its infancy To provide insights into the evolutionary mechanisms that have shaped the diversity of this region in the Order Crocodylia we investigated MHC class I exon 3 intron 3 and exon 4 across 20 species of the families Alligatoridae and Crocodilidae We generated 124 DNA sequences and identified 31 putative functional variants as well as 14 null variants Phylogenetic analyses revealed three gene groups all of which were present in Crocodilidae but only one in Alligatoridae Within these groups variants generally appear to cluster at the genus or family level rather than in speciesspecific groups In addition we found variation in gene copy number and some indication of interlocus recombination These results suggest that MHC class I in Crocodylia underwent independent events of gene duplication particularly in Crocodilidae These findings enhance our understanding of MHC class I evolution and provide a preliminary framework for comparative studies of other nonavian reptiles as well as diversity assessment within CrocodyliaWe thank Dr Travis Glenn Dr Kent Vliet Robert Godshalk Mitch Eaton and Dr Matthew Shirley who kindly provided us with many of the DNA samples included in this investigation We are grateful to Porosus Pty Ltd for providing the Australian saltwater and Johnstons crocodile samples We also thank Dr Camilla Whittington for copy editing an early draft of the manuscript
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