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Title of Journal: Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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Abbravation: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy

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Publisher

Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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DOI

10.1016/0891-5849(90)90223-6

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ISSN

1433-7347

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Chemokine expression of CCL2 CCL3 CCL5 and CXCL1

Authors: A Stålman D Bring P W Ackermann
Publish Date: 2014/05/09
Volume: 23, Issue: 9, Pages: 2682-2689
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Abstract

Chemokines are major promoters of repair and may regulate nerve ingrowth that is essential in tendon healing The purpose of this study was to assess the temporal occurrence of different chemokines during Achilles tendon healing in relation to sensory nerve regeneration Chemokine presence in tendon healing has not been studied previouslyChemokine expression nerve regeneration angiogenesis and inflammatory cell occurrence during healing of Achilles tendon rupture in the rat were studied by immunohistochemistry and histology including semiquantitative assessment Markers for chemokines CCL5 CCL2 CCL3 CXCL10 nerves PGP95 and sensory neuropeptide substance P SP were analysed at different time points 1 day–16 weeks postruptureIn intact tendons controls immunoreactivity to all chemokines PGP95 and SP were confined to the tendon surroundings After rupture there was rapid increase in the tendon proper of the chemokines studied all exhibiting their peak expression at week 1 Subsequently at weeks 2–6 emerging inflammatory cells and maximum sprouting of PGP/SPpositive nerves were observed close to newly formed blood vessels within the tendon proper while chemokine expression already decreased During weeks 6–8 PGP/SPpositive nerves withdrew from the rupture site and relocated together with the chemokines in the surrounding tendonEarly chemokine expression in the healing tendon precedes ingrowth of new nerves angiogenesis and emergence of inflammatory cells The finetuned temporal and spatial appearance of chemokines suggests a chemoattractant role for inflammatory cell migration and possibly also a role in angiogenesis and neurogenesis Chemokines may thus exhibit vital targets for biological modulation of tendon repairThis study was supported by the regional agreement on medical training and clinical research ALF between Stockholm County Council and Karolinska Institutet project nr SLL20100168 and the Swedish National Centre for Sports Research as well as the Swedish Research Council project nr 20123510

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