Journal Title
Title of Journal: Ind J Clin Biochem
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Abbravation: Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry
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Authors: Alugoju Phaniendra Dinesh Babu Jestadi Latha Periyasamy
Publish Date: 2014/07/15
Volume: 30, Issue: 1, Pages: 11-26
Abstract
Free radicals and other oxidants have gained importance in the field of biology due to their central role in various physiological conditions as well as their implication in a diverse range of diseases The free radicals both the reactive oxygen species ROS and reactive nitrogen species RNS are derived from both endogenous sources mitochondria peroxisomes endoplasmic reticulum phagocytic cells etc and exogenous sources pollution alcohol tobacco smoke heavy metals transition metals industrial solvents pesticides certain drugs like halothane paracetamol and radiation Free radicals can adversely affect various important classes of biological molecules such as nucleic acids lipids and proteins thereby altering the normal redox status leading to increased oxidative stress The free radicals induced oxidative stress has been reported to be involved in several diseased conditions such as diabetes mellitus neurodegenerative disorders Parkinson’s diseasePD Alzheimer’s diseaseAD and Multiple sclerosisMS cardiovascular diseases atherosclerosis and hypertension respiratory diseases asthma cataract development rheumatoid arthritis and in various cancers colorectal prostate breast lung bladder cancers This review deals with chemistry formation and sources and molecular targets of free radicals and it provides a brief overview on the pathogenesis of various diseased conditions caused by ROS/RNS
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