Journal Title
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Abbravation: Journal of Human Genetics
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Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
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Authors: Michael F Hammer Tatiana M Karafet Hwayong Park Keiichi Omoto Shinji Harihara Mark Stoneking Satoshi Horai
Publish Date: 2006/01
Volume: 51, Issue: 1, Pages: 47-
Abstract
Thank you for visiting naturecom You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS To obtain the best experience we recommend you use a more up to date browser or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer In the meantime to ensure continued support we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScriptHistoric Japanese culture evolved from at least two distinct migrations that originated on the Asian continent Huntergatherers arrived before land bridges were submerged after the last glacial maximum 12000 years ago and gave rise to the Jomon culture and the Yayoi migration brought wet rice agriculture from Korea beginning ∼2300 years ago A set of 81 Y chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs was used to trace the origins of Paleolithic and Neolithic components of the Japanese paternal gene pool and to determine the relative contribution of Jomon and Yayoi Y chromosome lineages to modern Japanese Our global sample consisted of 2500 males from 39 Asian populations including six populations sampled from across the Japanese archipelago Japanese populations were characterized by the presence of two major D and O and two minor C and N clades of Y chromosomes each with several sublineages Haplogroup D chromosomes were present at 347 and were distributed in a Ushaped pattern with the highest frequency in the northern Ainu and southern Ryukyuans In contrast haplogroup O lineages 518 were distributed in an inverted Ushaped pattern with a maximum frequency on Kyushu Coalescent analyses of Y chromosome short tandem repeat diversity indicated that haplogroups D and C began their expansions in Japan ∼20000 and ∼12000 years ago respectively while haplogroup O47z began its expansion only ∼4000 years ago We infer that these patterns result from separate and distinct genetic contributions from both the Jomon and the Yayoi cultures to modern Japanese with varying levels of admixture between these two populations across the archipelago The results also support the hypothesis of a Central Asian origin of Jomonese ancestors and a Southeast Asian origin of the ancestors of the Yayoi contra previous models based on morphological and genetic evidence
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