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Title of Journal: Theor Appl Climatol

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Abbravation: Theoretical and Applied Climatology

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Springer Vienna

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DOI

10.1002/ar.1091380109

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1434-4483

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A sensitivity study on the role of the swamps of s

Authors: Modathir A H Zaroug M B Sylla F Giorgi Elfatih A B Eltahir Pradeep K Aggarwal
Publish Date: 2012/09/25
Volume: 113, Issue: 1-2, Pages: 63-81
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Abstract

We used the regional climate model RegCM3 to investigate the role of the swamps of southern Sudan in affecting the climate of the surrounding region Towards this end we first assessed the performance of a high resolution version of the model over northern Africa RegCM3 shows a good skill in simulating the climatology of rainfall and temperature patterns as well as the related circulation features during the summer season outperforming previous coarser resolution applications of the model over this region Sensitivity experiments reveal that relative to bare soil conditions the swamps act to locally modify the surface energy budget primarily through an increase of surface latent heat flux Existence of the swamps leads to lower ground temperature up to 2 °C a larger north–south temperature gradient and increased local rainfall up to 40  Of particular importance is the impact on rainfall in the surrounding regions The swamps have almost no impact on the rainfall over the source region of the Nile in Ethiopia or in the Sahel region however they favor wetter conditions over central Sudan up to 15  in comparison to the bare desert soil conditionsThis work has been supported by the Earth System Physics ESP in the International Centre for Theoretical Physics ICTP the STEP program and the International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA The authors would like to acknowledge Dr Gulilat Diro Dr Erika Coppola and Dr Laura Mariotti for their support in using the model and sharing their modeling calibration and experience Finally the authors would like to thank all the staff of the ESP and the RegCM team for their support

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