Journal Title
Title of Journal: Nat Hazards
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Abbravation: Natural Hazards
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Publisher
Springer Netherlands
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Authors: XiangZhou Xu HongWu Zhang WenLong Wang Chao Zhao Qiao Yan
Publish Date: 2014/09/09
Volume: 75, Issue: 2, Pages: 1927-1939
Abstract
Gravity erosion is one of the most remarkable natural hazards in mountainous regions especially on the Loess Plateau of China Nevertheless the measurement of failure mass is very difficult because gravity erosion usually occurs randomly and it combines with hydraulic erosion Here we present a novel testing technique that could quantitatively measure timevariable gravity erosion on the steep loess slopes A structuredlight 3D surface measuring apparatus the Topography Meter was designed and manufactured in our laboratory Dynamic variation of the steep slope relief was monitored under rainfall simulation and the slope deforming process was recorded by a computer video technology With the help of laser marking plane figures were vectorially transformed into 3D graphs thus the shape of target surface was accurately computed By comparing the slope geometries in the moments before and after the erosion incident on the snapshot images at a particular time we could obtain the volume of gravity erosion and many other erosion data including the volume of slide mass and the amount of soil loss eroded by overland flow A series of calibration tests were conducted and the results showed that the accuracy of this technique was high and sufficient for exploring the mechanism of slope erosion More than 120 rainfall simulation events were subsequently tested with the apparatus further confirming its feasibility and reliabilityThis study is supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China 51179021 51079016 the Open Research Fund Program of State key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering sklhse2008B01 and the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau 10501J1 Sincere thanks are also given by the first author to Professor Yu Cong for amending English writing
Keywords:
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