Proteomic and gene expression differences between

Authors: Algirdas Kaupinis Lina Aitmanaitė Dovilė Strepetkaitė Mindaugas Valius Juozas R Lazutka Kęstutis Arbačiauskas

Publish Date: 2016/11/29

Volume: 798, Issue: 1, Pages: 87-103

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Abstract

In temperate waters postdiapause and subitaneous offspring in Daphnia vary in life history traits and metabolic rates and presumably are adapted to the seasonal environments in which they dwell These offspring types result from different developmental programs of the same genetic background representing the phenomenon of phenotypic plasticity We aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of this phenotypic plasticity in Daphnia pulex from an intermittent population by applying a highthroughput proteomic analysis and expression analysis of several genes The study revealed 176 proteins that were differentially expressed among offspring phenotypes Postdiapause and subitaneous females clearly differed in their upregulated protein profiles and gene expression levels There were more upregulated proteins with oxidoreductase and binding activity in postdiapause offspring whereas more upregulated proteins with transporter and transferase activity were seen in subitaneous offspring In contrast to subitaneous phenotype over 15fold more of the proteins that were upregulated in postdiapause phenotype are involved in metabolism and biosynthesis Expression levels of several selected genes linked to cellular metabolism were also higher in postdiapause females The greatest difference 5fold upregulation in postdiapause compared to subitaneous offspring was recorded for the target of rapamycinlike TOR protein Expression of ribosomal proteins in this offspring phenotype was also increased These upregulations suggest that the TOR signaling pathway is involved and may be responsible for the regulation of the developmental program underlying postdiapause and subitaneous offspring phenotypes in Daphnia Gene regulatory patterns observed in postdiapause and subitaneous offspring were in agreement with the expectations based on previously observed organismal traits of these Daphnia offspring typesThe Research Council of Lithuania supported the proteomic study Project No MIP135/2010 as well as the gene expression investigation Project No MIP031/2012 The manuscript substantially benefited from the comments of peer referees and the advice of Adam Petrusek the editor of the volume

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