Authors: Javier MartínBroto Luis Rubio Regina Alemany José Antonio LópezGuerrero
Publish Date: 2010/10/27
Volume: 12, Issue: 10, Pages: 670-676
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours GISTs are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract GISTs are characterised by the expression of KIT a type III tyrosine kinase receptor and the presence of mutations in KIT or PDGFRA in about 80–85 of cases The primary treatment for GIST is surgery which cures most patients with low or intermediaterisk tumours The introduction of the kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate and sunitinib in second line against KIT and PDGFRA has provided the first evidence of directed therapy in GIST The aim of this review is to highlight the growing evidence that KIT and PDGFRA genotyping provides valuable information for the clinical management of GIST patients We show that KIT and PDGFRA genotyping has emerged as one of the principal factors in the evaluation of GISTs particularly in those tumours that are clearly malignant or have a high risk of recurrence In addition to helping establish the diagnosis of GIST in unusual cases genotyping can be very useful to physicians and patients in deciding on imatinib dose in estimating the likelihood and duration of benefit and potentially in selecting secondline therapies
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