Authors: P S Ivanov J M Rorison
Publish Date: 2011/03/10
Volume: 42, Issue: 3, Pages: 193-213
Abstract
A dynamical model of oxideconfined VerticalCavity SurfaceEmitting Lasers VCSELs with twodimensional photonic crystals PCs incorporated within them so called PCVCSELs is presented and used to optimise designs for highpower singlemode operation Three PCVCSEL designs are considered I with holes in the top DBRs II with PC holes situated between their DBRs and III with PC holes etched through the entire VCSEL A simulated design for a PCVCSEL of type I with holes of d = 2 μm diameter a = 4 μm lattice constant d/a = 05 and 22 μm depth was found to improve the single mode behaviour but not enough to establish single mode behaviour for large apertures The modulation behaviour was not degraded by the PC Simulations of type II and III PCVCSELs with the same parameters have shown multimode operation and degraded modulation properties Simulations of PCVCSELs of type III with holes of d = 02 μm diameter and a = 04 μm lattice constant d/a = 05 have shown improved modulation properties and enhanced single mode power for small apertures In simulation PCVCSELs incorporating multiple PCdefects have shown order of magnitude increases in the single mode output power However the modulation properties of these VCSELs show degradation due to gain saturation and hopping of the optical modes localized within the PC defects
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