Size influences the cytotoxicity of poly lacticc

Authors: Sijing Xiong Saji George Haiyang Yu Robert Damoiseaux Bryan France Kee Woei Ng Joachim SayChye Loo

Publish Date: 2012/09/16

Volume: 87, Issue: 6, Pages: 1075-1086

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to uncover the size influence of poly lacticcoglycolic acid PLGA and titanium dioxide TiO2 nanoparticles on their potential cytotoxicity PLGA and TiO2 nanoparticles of three different sizes were thoroughly characterized before in vitro cytotoxic tests which included viability generation of reactive oxygen species ROS mitochondrial depolarization integrity of plasma membrane intracellular calcium influx and cytokine release Sizedependent cytotoxic effect was observed in both RAW2647 cells and BEAS2B cells after cells were incubated with PLGA or TiO2 nanoparticles for 24 h Although PLGA nanoparticles did not trigger significantly lethal toxicity up to a concentration of 300 μg/ml the TNFα release after the stimulation of PLGA nanoparticles should not be ignored especially in clinical applications Relatively more toxic TiO2 nanoparticles triggered cell death ROS generation mitochondrial depolarization plasma membrane damage intracellular calcium concentration increase and sizedependent TNFα release especially at a concentration higher than 100 μg/ml These cytotoxic effects could be due to the sizedependent interaction between nanoparticles and biomolecules as smaller particles tend to adsorb more biomolecules In summary we demonstrated that the ability of protein adsorption could be an important paradigm to predict the in vitro cytotoxicity of nanoparticles especially for low toxic nanomaterials such as PLGA and TiO2 nanoparticlesMs Xiong Sijing would like to acknowledge the Nanyang Technological University—Ian Ferguson Postgraduate Fellowship support for her research attachment to University of California Los Angeles UCLA We thank Dr Andre E Nel and Dr Tian Xian UC Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology for their kind help in this study Financial support from the following funding agencies NMRC ASTAR and NITHM are also acknowledged NMRC/EDG/0062/2009 and ASTAR Project No 102 129 0098

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