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Title of Journal: Clim Dyn

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Abbravation: Climate Dynamics

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Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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DOI

10.1007/s11801-007-7067-2

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1432-0894

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Partial lateral forcing experiments reveal how mul

Authors: Hongwei Yang Bin Wang
Publish Date: 2014/10/21
Volume: 45, Issue: 5-6, Pages: 1157-1167
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Abstract

The 1998 extremely heavy rainfall events over East Asia are investigated through partial lateral forcing PLF experiments with the Weather Research and Forecasting model to determine the impacts of the synoptic SY intraseasonal IS and interannual IA forcing across the lateral boundary on the extreme climate anomalies The largescale lateral boundary forcing was derived from an ensemble reanalysis dataset and decomposed into climatological SY IS and IA components The PLF experiments show that the IS forcing not only triggers the monsoon onset and drives two northward propagation events of the subtropical front but also has dominant contributions to the two heaviest rainfall events over the Yangtze River Basin YRB and South China suggesting the critical role of the intraseasonal variability in the devastating 1998 floods Previous studies perceived that the northward propagating IS oscillation from the tropics regulates the extreme heavy rainfall of East Asia summer monsoon in 1998 However we find that the IS forcing from the midlatitude plays a more important role than the forcing from the tropics in generating the two extreme rainfall events in 1998 During the first extreme event in June the IS forcing across the western boundary is the major cause of the northward advance of the subtropical front and the heavy rainfall over the YRB and South China with the IS forcing across the northern boundary providing the second largest contribution During the second extreme event July 15–August 5 the IS forcing from the eastern boundary plays a dominant role in driving the southward retreat and northward advance of the subtropical front causing another heavy rainfall over the YRB and South China The western and northern IS forcing also has large contributions to the second extreme event We have estimated the contributions to the seasonal anomalous rainfall by the three types of forcing The SY forcing tends to have a moderate effect on the YRB rainfall but significant reduction of the rainfall in South China The IS forcing has dominant contributions to the seasonalmean rainfall anomalies over all three subregions of China North China the YRB and South China The IA forcing mainly enhances the rainfall in South China but reduces the precipitation in the YRB slightly This study portends a promising application of regional climate models to identify key factors causing extreme climate events The PLF methodology can be used to study a broad range of climate phenomena and to understand the effects of variety of dynamic and physical processes in climate variability and predictabilityBoth authors acknowledge the support from the APEC Climate Center APCC Bin Wang also acknowledges the support by the US NOAA ESS awards NA13OAR4310167 and the National Research Foundation NRF of Korea through a Global Research Laboratory GRL grant of the Korean Ministry of Education Science and Technology MEST 20110021927 This is Publication No 19 of the Earth System Modeling Center

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