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Title of Journal: Pflugers Arch Eur J Physiol

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Abbravation: Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology

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Springer-Verlag

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DOI

10.1007/s00371-007-0200-1

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1432-2013

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Glutamate receptors neurotoxicity and neurodegene

Authors: Anthony Lau Michael Tymianski
Publish Date: 2010/03/14
Volume: 460, Issue: 2, Pages: 525-542
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Abstract

Glutamate excitotoxicity is a hypothesis that states excessive glutamate causes neuronal dysfunction and degeneration As glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system CNS the implications of glutamate excitotoxicity are many and farreaching Acute CNS insults such as ischaemia and traumatic brain injury have traditionally been the focus of excitotoxicity research However glutamate excitotoxicity has also been linked to chronic neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis multiple sclerosis Parkinson’s disease and others Despite the continued research into the mechanisms of excitotoxicity there are currently no pharmacological interventions capable of providing significant neuroprotection in the clinical setting of brain ischaemia or injury This review addresses the current state of excitotoxic research focusing on the structure and physiology of glutamate receptors molecular mechanisms underlying excitotoxic cell death pathways and their interactions with each other the evidence for glutamate excitotoxicity in acute neurologic diseases laboratory and clinical attempts at modulating excitotoxicity and emerging targets for excitotoxicity research

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