Authors: Hana Zemkova Anmar Khadra Milos B Rokic Vendula Tvrdonova Arthur Sherman Stanko S Stojilkovic
Publish Date: 2014/06/11
Volume: 467, Issue: 4, Pages: 713-726
Abstract
Allosteric modulators of ligandgated receptor channels induce conformational changes of the entire protein that alter potencies and efficacies for orthosteric ligands expressed as the half maximal effective concentration EC50 and maximum current amplitude respectively Here we studied the influence of allostery on channel pore dilation an issue not previously addressed Experiments were done using the rat P2X4 receptor expressed in human embryonic kidney 293T cells and gated by adenosine 5triphosphate ATP in the presence and absence of ivermectin IVM an established positive allosteric regulator of this channel In the absence of IVM this channel activates and deactivates rapidly does not show transition from open to dilated states desensitizes completely with a moderate rate and recovers only fractionally during washout IVM treatment increases the efficacy of ATP to activate the channel and slows receptor desensitization during sustained ATP application and receptor deactivation after ATP washout The rescue of the receptor from desensitization temporally coincides with pore dilation and the dilated channel can be reactivated after washout of ATP Experiments with vestibular and transmembrane domain receptor mutants further established that IVM has distinct effects on opening and dilation of the channel pore the first accounting for increased peak current amplitude and the latter correlating with changes in the EC50 and kinetics of receptor deactivation The corresponding kinetic Markov state model indicates that the IVMdependent transition from open to dilated state is coupled to receptor sensitization which rescues the receptor from desensitization and subsequent internalization Allosterically induced sensitization of P2X4R thus provides sustained signaling during prolonged and repetitive ATP stimulationThis study was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic P304/12/G069 Grant Agency of Charles University 3446/2011 the project “BIOCEV” – Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University CZ105/1100/020109 the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada NSERC discovery grant to AK and the Intramural Research Program of the NICHD and NIDDK NIH
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