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Title of Journal: Pflugers Arch Eur J Physiol

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Abbravation: Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology

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Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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10.1002/cne.902620205

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1432-2013

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Macrophages in vascular inflammation and atheroscl

Authors: Clement Cochain Alma Zernecke
Publish Date: 2017/02/06
Volume: 469, Issue: 3-4, Pages: 485-499
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Abstract

Atherosclerosis is characterized by lipid accumulation and chronic inflammation of the arterial wall and its main complications—myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke—together constitute the first cause of death worldwide Accumulation of lipidladen macrophage foam cells in the intima of inflamed arteries has long been recognized as a hallmark of atherosclerosis However in recent years an unexpected complexity in the mechanisms of macrophage accumulation in lesions in the protective and pathogenic functions performed by macrophages and how they are regulated has been uncovered Here we provide an overview of the latest developments regarding the various mechanisms of macrophage accumulation in lesion the major functional features of lesion macrophages and how the plaque microenvironment may affect macrophage phenotype Finally we discuss how best to apprehend the heterogeneous ontogeny and functionality of atherosclerotic plaque macrophages and argue that moving away from a rigid nomenclature of arbitrarily defined macrophage subsets would be beneficial for research in the field

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