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Title of Journal: Virus Genes

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Abbravation: Virus Genes

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Springer US

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DOI

10.1007/bf03170233

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1572-994X

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Evolution and adaptation of hemagglutinin gene of

Authors: Kaifa Wei Yanfeng Chen Juan Chen Lingjuan Wu Daoxin Xie
Publish Date: 2012/01/28
Volume: 44, Issue: 3, Pages: 450-458
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Abstract

The H5N1 HPAI virus has brought heavy loss to poultry industry Although there exists limited humantohuman transmission it poses potential serious risks to public health HA is responsible for receptorbinding and membranefusion and contains the host receptorbinding sites and major epitopes for neutralizing antibodies To investigate molecular adaption of HPAI H5N1 viruses we performed a phylogenetic analysis of HA sequences with 240 HPAI virus strains isolated from human The topology of the tree reveals overall clustering of strains in four major clusters based on geographic location and shows antigenic diversity of HA of human H5N1 isolates cocirculating in Asia Africa and Europe The four clusters possess distinct features within the cleavage site and glycosylation sites respectively We identified six sites apparently evolving under positive selection five of which persist in the population Three positively selected sites are found to be located either within or flanking the receptorbinding sites suggesting that selection at these sites may increase the affinity to humantype receptor Furthermore some sites are also associated with glycosylation and antigenic changes In addition two sites are found to be selected differentially in the two clusters The analyses provide us deep insight into the adaptive evolution of human H5N1 viruses show us several candidate mutations that could cause a pandemic and suggest that efficiency measures should be taken to deal with potential risks

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