Architecture and Microstructure of Cortical Bone i

Authors: Uriel Zapata Emily K Halvachs Paul C Dechow Mohammed E Elsalanty Lynne A Opperman

Publish Date: 2011/09/17

Volume: 89, Issue: 5, Pages: 379-

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Abstract

Reconstruction of the canine mandible using bone transport distraction osteogenesis has been shown to be a suitable method for correcting segmental bone defects produced by cancer gunshots and trauma Although the mechanical quality of the new regenerate cortical bone seems to be related to the mineralization process several questions regarding the microstructural patterns of the new bony tissue remain unanswered The purpose of this study was to quantify any microstructural differences that may exist between the regenerate and control cortical bone Five adult American foxhound dogs underwent unilateral bone transport distraction of the mandible to repair bone defects of 30–35 mm Animals were killed 12 weeks after the beginning of the consolidation period Fourteen cylindrical cortical samples were extracted from the superior medial and inferior aspects of the lingual and buccal plates of the reconstructed aspect of the mandible and 21 specimens were collected similarly from the contralateral aspect of the mandible Specimens were evaluated using histomorphometric and microcomputed tomographic techniques to compare their microstructure Except for differences in haversian canal area histomorphometric analyses suggested no statistical differences in microstructure between regenerate and control cortical bone Morphological evaluation suggested a consistent level of anisotropy possibly related to the distraction vector After 12 weeks’ consolidation bone created during bone transport distraction osteogenesis was comparable to native bone in microstructure architecture and mechanical properties It is proposed that after enough time the properties of the regenerate bone will be identical to that of native boneThis study was supported by NIH/NIDCR Grants R42 DE01543703 and R43 DE01725905 and a fellowship from Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación COLCIENCIAS Bogotá Colombia The authors thank Ms Jo Taylor from Baylor College of Dentistry for providing advice help and guidance regarding the histological process The BTRP device patent is assigned to a company Craniotech ACR Devices LLC owned by L A O and M E E

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