Authors: A Lecointe S Cohen M Gèze C Djediat A Meibom I DomartCoulon
Publish Date: 2013/06/12
Volume: 65, Issue: 5, Pages: 705-724
Abstract
Cell cultures from reefbuilding scleractinian corals are being developed to study the response of these ecologically important organisms to environmental stress and diseases Despite the importance of cell division to support propagation cell proliferation in polyps and in vitro is underinvestigated In this study suspended multicellular aggregates tissue balls were obtained after collagenase dissociation of Pocillopora damicornis coral with varying yields between enzyme types and brands Ultrastructure and cell type distribution were characterized in the tissue balls TBs compared to the polyp Morphological evidence of cellular metabolic activity in their ciliated cortex and autophagy in their central mass suggests involvement of active tissue reorganization processes DNA synthesis was evaluated in the forming multicellular aggregates and in the four cell layers of the polyp using BrdU labeling of nuclei over a 24 h period The distribution of BrdUlabeled coral cells was spatially heterogeneous and their proportion was very low in tissue balls 02 ± 01 indicating that suspended multicellular aggregate formation does not involve significant cell division In polyps DNA synthesis was significantly lower in the calicoderm 1 compared to both oral and aboral gastroderm about 10 and to the pseudostratified oral epithelium 15–25 at tip of tentacle DNA synthesis in the endosymbiotic dinoflagellates dropped in the forming tissue balls 27 ± 12 compared to the polyp 14 ± 34 where it was not different from the host gastroderm 103 ± 12 A transient 24 h increase was observed in the cellspecific density of dinoflagellates in individually dissociated coral cell cultures These results suggest disruption of coral cell proliferation processes upon establishment in primary cultureThis work was supported by the ATM Biomineralization of the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle ‘scleractinian coral’ project to I DomartCoulon and by European Research Council Advanced Grant 246749 BIOCARB to A Meibom It was presented at the Symposium on ‘Marine Invertebrate Cell Cultures’ August 30–31 2012 at the Station de Biologie Marine du MNHN in Concarneau France We especially thank Michel Hignette and all the team from the Aquarium Tropical Palais de la Porte Dorée Paris France for access to biological material and facilities for aquarium experiments
Keywords: