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Title of Journal: Apoptosis

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Abbravation: Apoptosis

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Springer US

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ISSN

1573-675X

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Radiosensitization of melanoma cells through combi

Authors: Geoffrey E Johnson Vladimir N Ivanov Tom K Hei
Publish Date: 2008/05/03
Volume: 13, Issue: 6, Pages: 790-
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Abstract

The incidence of melanoma continues to dramatically increase in most Western countries with predominantly Caucasian populations However only limited therapies for the metastatic stage of the disease are currently available The main purpose of this study is to determine approaches that can substantially increase radiosensitivity of melanoma cells The PI3KAKT NFκB and COX2 pathways which are involved in the radioprotective response are highly active in melanoma cells Pharmacological suppression of COX2 and PI3KAKT or RNAimediated knockdown of COX2 substantially increased levels of G2/M arrest of the cell cycle and decreased clonogenic survival of gammairradiated melanomas predominantly via a necrotic mechanism On the other hand resveratrol a polyphenolic phytoalexin selectively targets numerous cell signaling pathways decreasing clonogenic survival primarily via an apoptotic mechanism In melanoma cells resveratrol inhibits STAT3 and NFκBdependent transcription culminating in suppression of cFLIP and BclxL expression while activating the MAPK and the ATMChk2p53 pathways Resveratrol also upregulates TRAIL promoter activity and induces TRAIL surface expression in some melanoma cell lines resulting in a rapid development of apoptosis Sequential treatment of melanoma cells first with γirradiation to upregulate TRAILR surface expression and then with resveratrol to suppress antiapoptotic proteins cFLIP and BclxL and induce TRAIL surface expression had dramatic effects on upregulation of apoptosis in some melanoma lines including SW1 and WM35 However for melanoma lines exhibiting suppressed translocation of TRAIL to the cell surface a necrotic mechanism of cell death was primarily involved in radiation response Hence surface expression of TRAIL induced by resveratrol appears to be a decisive event one which determines an apoptotic versus a necrotic response of melanoma cells to sequential treatment

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  1. Annexin II receptor induces apoptosis independent of Annexin II
  2. p73 modulates HIV-1 Tat transcriptional and apoptotic activities in human astrocytes
  3. Tandem DEDs and CARDs suggest novel mechanisms of signaling complex assembly
  4. Thymosin alpha 1 suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells through PTEN-mediated inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
  5. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases is essential for hydrogen peroxide -induced apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells
  6. APLP1 promotes dFoxO-dependent cell death in Drosophila
  7. Protective effect of Homer 1a on tumor necrosis factor-α with cycloheximide-induced apoptosis is mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways
  8. Lymphocyte-derived microparticles induce apoptosis of airway epithelial cells through activation of p38 MAPK and production of arachidonic acid
  9. Atorvastatin inhibits the apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by angiotensin II via the lysosomal-mitochondrial axis
  10. The c-Abl tyrosine kinase stabilizes Pitx1 in the apoptotic response to DNA damage
  11. Ouabain-induced apoptosis and Rho kinase: a novel caspase-2 cleavage site and fragment of Rock-2
  12. Hypoxia-mimetic agents desferrioxamine and cobalt chloride induce leukemic cell apoptosis through different hypoxia-inducible factor-1α independent mechanisms
  13. Synchronized turbo apoptosis induced by cold-shock
  14. Sensitization of human bladder tumor cells to TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis with a small molecule IAP antagonist
  15. Nitrate tolerance aggravates postischemic myocardial apoptosis and impairs cardiac functional recovery after ischemia
  16. Shogaols at proapoptotic concentrations induce G 2 /M arrest and aberrant mitotic cell death associated with tubulin aggregation
  17. Gadolinium induced effects on mammalian cell motility, adherence and chromatin structure
  18. Insulin inhibits myocardial ischemia-induced apoptosis and alleviates chronic adverse changes in post-ischemic cardiac structure and function
  19. Novel antiapoptotic effect of TBX15: overexpression of TBX15 reduces apoptosis in cancer cells
  20. Apoptosis of human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 cells by epigallocatechin-3- O -gallate via induction of p53 and caspases as well as suppression of Bcl-2 and phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB
  21. Sulindac-derived reactive oxygen species induce apoptosis of human multiple myeloma cells via p38 mitogen activated protein kinase-induced mitochondrial dysfunction
  22. In vitro antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, antimetastatic and anti-inflammatory potential of 2,4-diacteylphloroglucinol (DAPG) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain FP10
  23. Inducer-and cell type-specific regulation of antiapoptotic MCL1 in myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma cells exposed to differentiation-inducing or microtubule-disrupting agents
  24. Fas/FasL pathway-mediated alveolar macrophage apoptosis involved in human silicosis
  25. Mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis induced by Rana grylio virus infection in fish cells
  26. Role of Bim in apoptosis induced in H460 lung tumor cells by the spindle poison Combretastatin-A4
  27. Nanosecond pulsed electric fields modulate the expression of Fas/CD95 death receptor pathway regulators in U937 and Jurkat Cells
  28. RNA interference against HPV16 E7 oncogene leads to viral E6 and E7 suppression in cervical cancer cells and apoptosis via upregulation of Rb and p53
  29. Overexpression of CREB protein protects from tunicamycin-induced apoptosis in various rat cell types
  30. Cellular responses to endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis
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