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Title of Journal: Hydrogeology Journal

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Abbravation: Hydrogeology Journal

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Springer-Verlag

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DOI

10.1002/chem.200601803

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1435-0157

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Simulation of seawater intrusion into the Khan Yun

Authors: A Yakirevich A Melloul S Sorek S Shaath V Borisov
Publish Date: 2002/10/01
Volume: 6, Issue: 4, Pages: 549-559
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Abstract

 The Gaza Strip coastal aquifer is under severe hydrological stress due to overexploitation Excessive pumping during the past decades in the Gaza region has caused a significant lowering of groundwater levels altering in some regions the normal transport of salts into the sea and reversing the gradient of groundwater flow The sharp increase in chloride concentrations in groundwater indicates intrusion of seawater and/or brines from the western part of the aquifer near the seaSimulations of saltwater intrusion were carried out using a twodimensional densitydependent flow and transport model SUTRA Voss 1984 This model was applied to the Khan Yunis section of the Gaza Strip aquifer Simulations were done under an assumption that pumping rates increase according to the rate of population growth or about 38 a year Model parameters were estimated using available field observations Numerical simulations show that the rate of seawater intrusion during 1997–2006 is expected to be 20–45 m/yr The results lead to a better understanding of aquifer salinization due to seawater intrusion and give some estimate of the rate of deterioration of groundwaterLaquifère côtier de la bande de Gaza est soumis à une très forte pression hydrologique du fait de sa surexploitation Les pompages excessifs au cours des dernières décennies dans la région de Gaza a provoqué un abaissement significatif des niveaux de la nappe en modifiant dans certains secteurs le transport normal de sels vers la mer et en inversant le gradient découlement souterrain La très forte augmentation des teneurs en chlorures dans la nappe doit être attribuée à une intrusion deau de mer et/ou de saumures depuis la partie occidentale de laquifère proche de la merDes simulations dintrusion marine ont été réalisées en utilisant un modèle SUTRA en deux dimensions àécoulement et transport dépendant de la densité Voss 1984 Ce modèle a été appliqué au secteur de Khan Yunis de laquifère de la bande de Gaza Les simulations ont été faites en supposant que les débits pompés augmentent au même rythme que la population soit 38 par an Les paramètres du modèle ont été estimés à partir des observations de terrain disponibles Les simulations numériques montrent quil faut sattendre à une progression de lintrusion marine pour la période 1997–2006 de lordre de 20 à 45 m/an Ces résultats permettent de mieux comprendre la salinisation de laquifère par lintrusion marine et fournissent une estimation du taux de dégradation de la qualité de leau souterraineEl acuífero costero de la Franja de Gaza se encuentra en sobreexplotación El bombeo excesivo en la región de Gaza durante las últimas décadas ha causado un importante descenso de los niveles piezométricos alterando la situación natural de transporte de sales hacia el mar e invirtiendo el gradiente de niveles de agua subterránea El brusco incremento en las concentraciones de cloruros en el agua subterránea indican intrusión de agua marina y/o de salmueras de la parte oeste del acuífero cercana al marSe llevaron a cabo simulaciones de la intrusión salina usando el modelo bidimensional de flujo y transporte con densidad variable SUTRA Voss 1984 Este modelo se aplicó al sector de Khan Yunis en el acuífero de la Franja de Gaza Las simulaciones se llevaron a cabo bajo la hipótesis que los bombeos se incrementarán de acuerdo con el ritmo de crecimiento de la población que es del 38 anual Los parámetros del modelo se estimaron a partir de las observaciones de campo Las simulaciones numéricas muestran que el avance esperado de la intrusión durante 19972006 será de 2045 m/año Los resultados conducen a un mejor conocimiento de la salinización del acuífero por intrusión marina y proporcionan estimaciones sobre la velocidad de degradación del mismo


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