Journal Title
Title of Journal: Hydrogeol J
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Abbravation: Hydrogeology Journal
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Publisher
Springer-Verlag
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Authors: Patrick F Dobson Teamrat A Ghezzehei Paul J Cook J Alfredo RodríguezPineda Lourdes Villalba Rodrigo De la Garza
Publish Date: 2011/09/10
Volume: 20, Issue: 1, Pages: 155-166
Abstract
A study of seepage occurring in an adit at the Nopal I uranium mine in Chihuahua Mexico was conducted as part of an integrated natural analogue study to evaluate the effects of infiltration and seepage on the mobilization and transport of radionuclides An instrumented seepage collection system and local automated weather station permit direct correlation between local precipitation events and seepage Field observations recorded between April 2005 and December 2006 indicate that seepage is highly heterogeneous with respect to time location and quantity Seepage precipitation and fracture data were used to test two hypotheses 1 that fast flow seepage is triggered by large precipitation events and 2 that an increased abundance of fractures and/or fracture intersections leads to higher seepage volumes A few zones in the back adit recorded elevated seepage volumes immediately following large 20 mm/day precipitation events with transit times of less than 4 h through the 8m thick rock mass In most locations there is a 1–6 month time lag between the onset of the rainy season and seepage with longer times observed for the front adit There is a less clearcut relation between fracture abundance and seepage volume processes such as evaporation and surface flow along the ceiling may also influence seepageUne étude des suintements se produisant dans une descenderie de la mine d’uranium de Nopal I à Chihuahua Mexique a été conduite dans le cadre d’une étude intégrée d’analogue naturel destinée à évaluer les effets de l’infiltration et du suintement sur la mobilisation et le transport de radionucléides Un dispositif instrumenté de collecte des suintements et une station météorologique automatique locale ont permis une corrélation directe entre les événements pluvieux locaux et le suintement Des observations de terrain enregistrées entre avril 2005 et décembre 2006 indiquent que le suintement est très variable selon le moment le lieu et la hauteur de précipitation Les données concernant la fracturation les précipitations et le suintement ont été utilisées pour tester deux hypothèses 1 le flux de suintement rapide est déclenché par les événements pluvieux importants et 2 une augmentation de la densité de fracturation et/ou des intersections de fractures induit des débits de suintements plus importants Quelques zones dans la descenderie arrière ont enregistré des volumes de suintement élevés immédiatement après des événements pluviométriques importants 20 mm/jour avec des temps de transfert de moins de 4 h à travers la masse rocheuse de 8 m d’épaisseur Dans la plupart des zones le déphasage entre le début de la saison des pluies et le suintement est de 1–6 mois avec des durées plus longues pour la descenderie principale La relation entre la densité de fracturation et le débit de suintement est moins nette des processus tels que l’évaporation et des écoulements de surface le long du toit pourraient aussi influencer le suintementCon el fin de evaluar los efectos de infiltración y filtración sobre la movilización y transporte de radionúclidos y como parte de una investigación analógica natural integrada se realizó un estudio de filtración en un socavón de la mina de uranio Nopal I en Chihuahua México Un sistema instrumentado de recolección del filtrado y una estación meteorológica local automatizada permitieron obtener una correlación directa entre la precipitación local y los volumenes recogidos Las mediciones de campo registradas entre abril de 2005 y diciembre de 2006 indican que la filtración es altamente heterogénea con respecto al tiempo lugar y volumen Los datos sobre filtración precipitación y fracturas en el socavón fueron utilizados para evaluar las siguientes dos hipótesis 1 que la rápida filtración es provocada por eventos de alta precipitación y 2 que un mayor número de fracturas y/o intersecciones entre fracturas resulta en mayores volúmenes de filtración En unas pocas zonas de la parte posterior del socavón se midieron elevados volúmenes de filtración inmediatamente después de eventos de alta precipitación 20 mm/día requiriendo menos de cuatro horas para que las aguas filtraran a través de un espesor de ocho metros de roca En la mayoría de las estaciones medidas hay un retardo de 1–6 meses entre el comienzo de la estación lluviosa y el inicio de la filtración con tiempos mayores observados en la parte anterior del socavón Se observó una relación menos clara entre la abundancia de fracturas y los volúmenes filtrados por lo que se considera que procesos como evaporación y flujo superficial a lo largo del techo de la galería puedan tener alguna influencia墨西哥奇瓦瓦的Nopal I号铀矿矿坑渗漏研究是完整的自然类似体研究的一部分。目的是为了评估放射性核物在流动和运移过程中渗透和渗漏。渗漏物收集系统和当地的自动化气象站为研究当地降水和渗漏之间的联系提供了条件。2005年4月到2006年12月之间的野外观察记录表明考虑时间、位置和流量时渗流具有高度不均一性。渗流、降水和断裂数据过去常用来验证两个假设1快速的渗流是由于强降雨事件引发的2断裂和/或断裂交汇点的增加导致高渗流量。矿坑后方部分地区强降雨20 mm/day事件往往伴随着高渗流量8米厚岩体的滞后时间少于4小时。但很多地方渗漏出现和雨季开始时间之间存在1–6个月的滞后比矿坑前方的滞后时间长。断裂密度和渗流量之间相关关系较弱蒸发和沿矿坑顶板的坡面流等过程会影响渗流量。Como parte de um estudo integrado analógico natural para avaliar os efeitos da infiltração e drenagem na mobilização e transporte de radionuclídeos foi efectuado um estudo da drenagem que ocorre numa galeria de acesso horizontal da mina de urânio de Nopal I em Chihuahua México Um sistema instrumental de recolha de dados de drenagem e uma estação climática automática local permitem uma correlação directa entre os eventos de precipitação e a drenagem Dados de observação de campo obtidos entre Abril de 2005 e Dezembro de 2006 indicam que a drenagem é altamente heterogénea no que reSPEIta ao tempo à localização e à quantidade A drenagem a precipitação e os dados de fracturação foram usados para testar duas hipóteses 1 que o fluxo rápido de drenagem é desencadeado por grandes eventos de precipitação e 2 que uma maior abundância de fracturas e/ou de intersecções de fracturas levam a maiores volumes de drenagem Algumas zonas da entrada da galeria apresentaram elevados volumes de drenagem na sequência imediata de grandes episódios de precipitação 20 mm/dia com tempos de trânsito de menos de 4 horas através dos 8 m de espessura da massa rochosa Na maior parte das localizações existe um atraso temporal entre 1–6 meses entre o início da estação das chuvas e a drenagem com os tempos maiores a observaremse na zona mais afastada da entrada Existe uma relação menos clara entre a abundância de fracturas e o volume de drenagem processos como a evaporação e escoamentos superficiais ao longo do tecto da galeria podem também influenciar a drenagemThis work was supported by the US Department of Energy Contract No DEAC0205CH11231 The publisher by accepting the article for publication acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive paidup irrevocable worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript or allow others to do so for United States Government purposes The views and opinions of authors expressed in this article do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or The Regents of the University of California A Simmons LANL was instrumental in initiating the Peña Blanca natural analogue project and S Levy LANL provided helpful oversight during later stages of the project J Dinsmoor and A Mitchell LANL ensured that our field study was conducted safely and provided helpful logistical support P Goodell UTEP I Reyes UACH and M Fayek U Manitoba shared useful insights about the Nopal I deposit T Kneafsey LBNL S Finsterle LBNL G Saulnier Areva and A Bagtzoglou UConn provided us with helpful reviews of this work We thank V Reyes Centro de Investigación sobre Sequía Instituto de Ecología AC for his support of our field study and A L Saucedo and O Hinojosa for their assistance in the field We also thank Ing A González S Servicio Meteorológico Nacional for providing us with historical meteorological data for the nowdefunct Los Pozos weather station
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