Journal Title
Title of Journal: Hydrogeol J
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Abbravation: Hydrogeology Journal
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Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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Authors: A M MacDonald J A Barker J Davies
Publish Date: 2008/02/15
Volume: 16, Issue: 6, Pages: 1065-1075
Abstract
A new pumping test method has been designed around the practical requirements of those working in rural watersupply projects in developing countries The bailer test needs only simple equipment and can be completed in under 1 h The test involves removing 20–50 bails from a borehole over a 10min period and then measuring the recovery The test is analysed using largediameterwell analysis which accounts for well storage and is appropriate for testing low productivity aquifers transmissivity 01–10 m2 d–1 where water levels are shallow 20 m depth The bailer test was developed and trialled in a rural water supply project in Nigeria where it was found to predict similar transmissivity to 5h constant rate tests r2=09 Analysis of the test was further simplified to provide guidelines for field staff such as community health workers The likelihood of a borehole sustaining a handpump for 250 people can be indicated by measuring the maximum drawdown and time for 50 and 75 recovery from a bailer test and comparing to a simple table This simplified test is now being used in this and other rural watersupply projects and has been modified to indicate whether a borehole can sustain higher yields for smallscale irrigationUne nouvelle méthode de pompage d’essai a été élaborée à partir des exigences pratiques de ceux qui travaillent sur des projets d’adduction d’eau dans les pays en voie de développement Le pompage d’essai par écopage n’a besoin que d’un équipement simple et peut être réalisé en moins d’une heure L’essai implique le prélèvement de 20 à 25 écopes dans un forage pendant une période de 10 min et ensuite la mesure de la remontée L’essai est exploité en utilisant l’analyse destinée aux puits à grand diamètre ce qui rend compte de l’emmagasinement du puits et est indiqué pour tester les aquifères à faible productivité transmissivité de 01 à 10 m2 d–1 où les niveaux d’eau sont peu profonds 20 m de profondeur Le pompage d’essai par écopage a été développé et testé dans un projet d’adduction d’eau rural en Nigeria où on a trouvé qu’il prévoyait des transmissivités similaires à celles des essais à débit constant de 5 heures r2=09 L’analyse de l’essai a été davantage simplifiée afin de fournir des lignes directrices à du personnel de terrain tel que des chargés de la santé publique La probabilité qu’un forage accepte une pompe à main pour 250 personnes peut être démontrée par la mesure du rabattement maximum et de temps de remontée de 50 et de 75 à partir d’un pompage d’essai par puisage et par comparaison avec une simple abaque Ce test simplifié est utilisé maintenant pour ce dernier et pour d’autres projets d’adduction d’eau ruraux et a été modifié pour montrer si un forage peut supporter des débits supérieurs pour une irrigation à petite échelleUn nuevo método de bombeo se ha desarrollado con la practicidad que requieren aquellos que trabajan en abastecimiento de agua en ámbitos rurales de países en vías de desarrollo El ensayo de extracción de agua bailer test requiere equipamiento muy simple y puede completarse en menos de una hora El ensayo consiste en extraer de la perforación 20–50 volúmenes del contenedor en un período de 10 min y luego medir la recuperación El ensayo se analiza utilizando pozos de gran diámetro que tiene en cuenta el almacenamiento en el pozo y resulta apropiado para verificar el comportamiento de acuíferos de baja productividad transmisividad 01–10 m2 d–1 con niveles de agua someros profundidad 20 m El ensayo de extracción de agua se desarrolló y se implementó en un proyecto de suministro de agua en un sector rural de Nigeria y se halló que era capaz de predecir transmisividades similares a aquellas provenientes de ensayos de bombeo de 5 horas a caudal constante r2=09 El análisis del ensayo fue simplificado a fin de facilitar la tarea del personal de campo tales como trabajadores comunitarios La probabilidad de que una perforación provista con una bomba de mano pueda abastecer a 250 personas puede deducirse midiendo el descenso máximo de nivel el tiempo que requiere una recuperación del 50 y del 75 según el ensayo de extracción de agua y comparándolos con los datos de una tabla simple Este ensayo simplificado está siendo usado en el proyecto mencionado y en otros de abastecimiento a áreas rurales y ha sido modificado para indicar si una perforación puede servir para extraer mayores caudales para proyectos de riego de pequeña escalaThis paper is published with permission from the Executive Director British Geological Survey NERC The work was carried out with the assistance of many people in Nigeria Particular thanks go to S Sugden B Goyol and V Edu of WaterAid for their help with fieldwork The work was funded by the UK Department for International Development project number CNTR 960023A
Keywords:
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