Authors: Volker Krey Gunnar Luderer Leon Clarke Elmar Kriegler
Publish Date: 2013/12/06
Volume: 123, Issue: 3-4, Pages: 369-382
Abstract
Based on a large number of energyeconomic and integrated assessment models the Energy Modeling Forum EMF 27 study systematically explores the implications of technology cost and availability for feasibility and macroeconomic costs of energy system transformations toward climate stabilization At the highest level the technology strategy articulated in all the scenarios in EMF27 includes three elements decarbonization of energy supply increasing the use of lowcarbon energy carriers in enduse and reduction of energy use The way that the scenarios differ is in the degree to which these different elements of strategy are implemented the timing of those implementations and the associated macroeconomic costs The study also discusses the value of individual technologies for achieving climate stabilization A robust finding is that the unavailability of carbon capture and storage and limited availability of bioenergy have the largest impact on feasibility and macroeconomic costs for stabilizing atmospheric concentrations at low levels mostly because of their combined ability to remove carbon from the atmosphere Constraining options in the electric sector such as nuclear power wind and solar energy in contrast has a much smaller impact on the cost of mitigationVolker Krey’s Gunnar Luderer’s and Elmar Kriegler’s contribution was supported by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme FP7/20072013 under grant agreement n° 282846 LIMITS Leon Clarke’s contribution was supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy as part of the Integrated Assessment Research Program
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