Journal Title
Title of Journal: Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult
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Abbravation: Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC)
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Publisher
Springer Netherlands
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Authors: A Ramakrishna P Giridhar M Jobin C S Paulose G A Ravishankar
Publish Date: 2011/10/28
Volume: 108, Issue: 2, Pages: 267-278
Abstract
Melatonin MEL and serotonin SER are important indoleamines that are involved in neural transmission in mammalian cells They are also known to be present in various genera of plants The role s of these indoleamines in plants are not well known In this study the effects of SER MEL calcium and calcium ionophore A23187 a calcium channel activator on somatic embryogenesis in Coffea canephora have been investigated Adding 100 μM of either SER or MEL to ½ strength Murashige and Skoog MS medium and 093 μM kinetin KN has resulted in enhanced induction of somatic embryogenesis 85 ± 3 and 62 ± 6 embryos/callus respectively In the presence of either 5 mM calcium or 100 μM calcium ionophore A23187 number of somatic embryos/callus is also increased with 56 ± 4 and 118 ± 10 somatic embryos/callus respectively compared to 25 ± 3 embryos/callus for control The presence of 5 mM calcium chloride along with either 100 μM SER or 100 μM MEL respectively have also promoted somatic embryogenesis with induction of 105 ± 6 and 78 ± 2 somatic embryos/callus While addition of calcium ionophore A23187 along with either 100 μM SER or 100 μM MEL have produced 155 ± 12 or 135 ± 8 embryos/callus respectively In contrast addition of such indoleamine inhibitors as 40 μM pchlorophenylalanine pCPA 20 μM fluoexitine hydrochloride prozac 1 mM verapamil hydrochloride calcium channel blocker and 1 mM ethylene glycolbis βamino ethyletherN N N′ N′tetra acetic acid EGTA a calcium chelator individually has inhibited induction of somatic embryos while reducing levels of endogenous pools of SER MEL and indole3acetic acid IAA levels Calcium imaging by laser scanning confocal microscopy LSCM has revealed high fluorescence intensity in callus treated with calcium and calcium ionophore A23187 Immunolocalization of SER in different tissues of C canephora has revealed that it is localized in vascular tissues of stems roots and somatic embryos as well as in endocarps husks of immature fruitsThe authors are thankful to Department of Science Technology New Delhi India for financial assistance MrARamakrishna acknowledges CSIR New Delhi for awarding Senior Research Fellowship Authors thank MrPSKulashekar for his help in manuscript preparation
Keywords:
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