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Title of Journal: Cell Mol Life Sci

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Abbravation: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences

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Birkhäuser-Verlag

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DOI

10.1016/0306-4522(82)90082-3

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1420-9071

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Epigenetic landscape required for placental develo

Authors: M Hemberger
Publish Date: 2007/06/22
Volume: 64, Issue: 18, Pages: 2422-2436
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Abstract

Formation of extraembryonic tissues and in particular the placenta is an absolute necessity to ensure growth and survival of the embryo during intrauterine development in mammals To date an intriguing number of genes have been identified that are essential for development of extraembryonic structures However the underlying genetic information must be interpreted by a set of epigenetic instructions to both establish and maintain lineage and cell typespecific expression profiles Based on accumulating data in particular from studies in the mouse this article is aimed at highlighting the epigenetic machinery required for differentiation of extraembryonic cell types and formation of the placenta An overview of knockout models reveals key stages in extraembryonic development that are particularly sensitive to alterations in the chromatin environment The article also summarizes the importance of complex epigenetically controlled mechanisms for placental development such as imprinted gene expression and imprinted X chromosome inactivation These investigations of the epigenetic regulation of transcriptional states will provide valuable insights into the dynamic chromatin environment that is specific to extraembryonic tissues and determines gene expression patterns required for normal trophoblast differentiation

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