Authors: Simone A Johner Michael Thamm Ute Nöthlings Thomas Remer
Publish Date: 2012/12/02
Volume: 52, Issue: 7, Pages: 1711-1719
Abstract
Even mild iodine deficiency may negatively affect cognitive performance especially at a young age Our aim was to investigate iodine status in very young children and to assess the importance of iodized salt in processed foods of which the use has decreased during the last years in GermanyTwentyfour hours urinary iodine excretion UIE as a marker of iodine intake was measured in 378 24 h urine samples collected 2003–2010 by 221 3 to 6 years old participants of the DONALD Study Parallel 3d weighed dietary records and measurements of urinary sodium excretion provided data on the daily consumption of the most important iodine sources in the children’s diet iodized salt milk fish meat and eggs Time trends of UIE 2003–2010 and contributions of the different food groups were analyzed by using linear mixedeffects regression modelsMedian UIE of 71 μg/d in boys and 65 μg/d in girls P = 003 corresponding to an iodine intake of 82 and 75 μg/d respectively assumption 15 nonrenal iodine losses was below the recommended dietary allowance RDA of 90 μg/d Milk salt and egg intake were significant predictors of UIE milk and salt together accounted for 80 of iodine supply Between 2003 and 2010 UIE decreased significantly by approximately 1 μg/d per year The contribution of salt intake to UIE decreased from 2003–2006 to 2007–2010The study was financially supported by the German Federal Ministry of Food Agriculture and Consumer Protection BMELV through the Federal Agency of Agriculture and Food BLE grant number 2809HS014 The DONALD Study is funded by the Ministry of Science and Research of North Rhine Westphalia Germany The participation of all children and their families in the DONALD Study is gratefully acknowledged We also thank the staff of the Research Institute of Child Nutrition for carrying out the anthropometric measurements and for collecting and coding the dietary records In particular the authors thank Monika Friedrich and Brigitte Nestler for expert laboratory assistance
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