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Title of Journal: Pediatr Nephrol

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Abbravation: Pediatric Nephrology

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Springer-Verlag

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DOI

10.1016/0360-1315(88)90031-0

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1432-198X

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Determination of urinary calculi by binocular ster

Authors: Ahmet Nayir
Publish Date: 2014/03/08
Volume: 17, Issue: 6, Pages: 425-432
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Abstract

Because of the inadequacies of chemical methods for identifying urinary calculi mineralogical methods have been developed but these methods are sometimes time consuming and expensive The aim of the study was to evaluate urinary calculi with binocular stereoscopic microscopy BSM Xray diffraction XRD scanning electron microscopy SEM and biochemical methods and to determine the specificity of BSM A total of 30 pediatric patients with urinary calculi 17 girls and 13 boys from 6 months to 19 years of age were included in the study The calculi obtained were evaluated with a NovexAP 8 BSM a Shimadzu 6000 XRD device a Jeol JXA 733 SEM and a biochemical kit from Merck In 2 cases BSM rapidly determined that the material was not from the urinary system Except for 2 cases BSM results were identical to the results obtained by XRD In 2 nonidentifiable cases the samples were struvite with an amorphous structure The sensitivity of BSM was 93 The small size of calculi did not permit biochemical analysis in 4 cases In another group of 4 cases the results of biochemical analysis did not agree with the XRD In 7 cases calcium phosphate was found by biochemical assay although it was not confirmed by XRD The sensitivity of biochemical analysis was 58 BSM is more reliable than biochemical methods BSM can be used for a rapid reliable evaluation of the urinary calculi It gives additional information about the nidus the crystalline structure and the order of deposition of components The clinician can perform this investigation himself obtaining very useful information about stone formation that allows an immediate start of medical treatment decreasing recurrences

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