Authors: Neil F Pasco Richard J Weld Joanne M Hay Ravi Gooneratne 
              Publish Date: 2011/01/20
              Volume: 400, Issue: 4, Pages: 931-945 
			  
              Abstract
              Whole cell biosensors are the focus of considerable and increasing interest worldwide as methods for detecting and quantifying environmental toxicity including biochemical oxygen demand BOD heavy metals antibiotics pesticides and herbicides This review follows the development of whole cell biosensors from attempts to utilise changes in cellular metabolism to determine BOD and general toxicity through the exploitation of unique metabolic pathways to detect specific toxicants to the increasingly widespread use of genetic engineering to build new and modify existing sensing pathways
              
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